Gershon-Lehrer.be

Genealogy Services

Please contact me if you’re in the need of Genealogy related services (research, preparations, trips, etc).

You may contact me for any country
(such as Belgium, The Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Israel, etc).

Contact me and let’s discuss fees and further details about your request.

The “Organisation Todt” (OT)

Written by

Gershon

in

,

(

)

(The following text is adapted from an article I wrote for offline use.)

In a file from the Directorate-General for War Victims, we find information about my great-great-uncle Kalman Lehrer (also sometimes known as Kalman Kalech) during World War II. The file states that he was conscripted into labor service with the Julius Berger Company.

I have since tried to find out more about what the Julius Berger Company was (click here for my earlier post about this subject.

What I initially overlooked in the document was the abbreviation “OT,” which appears on one of the documents in that file:

From Kalman Lehrer’s file at the Belgian Office of War Victims (File No. DOS-DDO d210703)

The document states that Kalman Lehrer

a été mis au travail forcé dans le Nord de la France (O.T.). Il figure sur les listes de salaires (établies par quinzaines) de la firme “Julius Berger” du 26.7.42 au 31.10.42.

(Translation: [Kalman Lehrer] was conscripted into forced labor in Northern France (OT). He appears on the wage lists (prepared biweekly) of the company “Julius Berger” from July 26, 1942, to October 31, 1942.)

First, I will explain more about the OT, which stands for Organisation Todt, and then I will continue with more details about Kalman Lehrer during the war.

The Establishment of Organisation Todt (OT)

The Organisation Todt (OT) was established in May 1938, when Hitler instructed the Generalinspekteur für das Straßenwesen, Dr. Ing. Fritz Todt, who had already proven himself with the construction of the Autobahn, to take over the continuation of the Westwall (also known as the Siegfried Line) construction, which had previously been led by the Wehrmacht. Todt developed the organization by combining various planning departments, private companies (including the Julius Berger company), and, until the outbreak of war in 1939, the Reichsarbeitsdienst (Reich Labour Service).

During the war, the OT evolved into a military construction unit, and its structure changed frequently, adapting each year to the demands of its orders.

From March 1940, the OT came under the authority of the Reichsminister für Bewaffnung und Munition (RMfBM) — the Minister for Armament and Munitions.

After Fritz Todt’s death in February 1942, the OT was reorganized under Albert Speer (Mannheim, 19 March 1905 – London, 1 September 1981). Since early 1941, it had been headed operationally by engineer Franz Xaver Dorsch (24 December 1899 – 8 November 1986).

Objectives of the Organisation Todt (OT)

Following Hitler’s order in December 1941 to expand the French coastal fortifications known as the “Atlantikwall,” the OT embarked on a large-scale construction program. This massive project demanded an extensive workforce and vast quantities of materials—many of which were diverted from the “Bunkerbauprogramm,” the bunker construction program in German cities.

The Atlantic Wall (Source: Wikimedia Commons, user Uberstroker)

Main Tasks of the Organisation Todt in the Occupied Territories

Besides constructing defense facilities, the OT was responsible for building roads, telecommunication networks, factories, resource extraction facilities, bridges, and barracks. They also handled the repair and recommissioning of economic institutions, the exploitation of resources in the occupied territories, and security (sick!) tasks.

Some notable OT construction projects:

  • From summer 1941: Construction activities in the Soviet Union and the Balkans.
  • Early 1943: Construction of launch sites in northern France for the flying bombs “V-1” and “V-2.”
  • From summer 1943: OT employment within the German Reich to repair air-raid damage.
  • 1943 to 1945: Building air-raid shelters for civilians as part of the “Expanded Air Raid Shelter Program” (“Erweitertes LS-Führerprogramm”).
  • From 1944 onwards: Industrial, utility, and railroad building projects, including the establishment of underground armament and fuel depots as part of the “Jäger Program” and the “Geilenberg Program” (1944-1945).

Organisation and Labor Supply of the Organisation Todt (OT)

The OT was organized into regional groups according to areas of operation, with a hierarchical structure based on importance.

  • German workers in the OT wore olive green uniforms and were subject to a quasi-military service obligation.
  • The OT also recruited auxiliary personnel from Western European countries, some voluntarily, though not all out of idealism. For example, at the war’s start, Belgium had an unemployment rate of around 500,000, leading many to accept OT work for economic reasons.
  • From 1942 onward, the OT increasingly conscripted forced laborers and prisoners of war.
  • By 1943–44, a growing number of concentration camp prisoners and other Nazi regime detainees were also used as OT laborers.
Armband worn by an Organization Todt laborer (Source: Wikimedia Commons)

Composition of the OT Workforce in Late 1944 (Total approx. 1.36 million workers):

  • 14,000 German workers deemed unfit for military defense duties
  • 22,000 concentration camp prisoners
  • The remainderwere forced laborers and prisoners of war

Because the OT worked closely with the Gestapo and SS, conditions for forced laborers and prisoners of war were notoriously harsh and inhumane.

Belgian Jews Working for the Organisation Todt (OT)

Starting on June 13, 1942, Belgian Jews were conscripted into forced labor in camps operated by the Organisation Todt. These camps, scattered along the northern coast of France, were established to support the construction of the Atlantic Wall.

Unlike the non-Jewish volunteers—who received fair wages and generally better treatment—Jewish forced laborers endured far harsher conditions. While both groups worked on the same construction sites, the Jews faced discrimination, mistreatment, and degrading conditions that foreshadowed the horrors they would later face in concentration camps.

In early summer 1942, the first Jewish labor camps were established along the French coastline. One additional camp, Mazures, was located inland in the Ardennes region of France, near Charleville.

Most of the Jewish laborers came from Antwerp. The Belgian police, following orders from the Belgian Bureau of Employment, were responsible for rounding them up. Only after their arrival in the camps did the Germans, OT officials, and guards take charge of them.

This forced labor operation lasted approximately three months. Four trains departed from Antwerp on July 13 and 14, August, and the final one on September 12, 1942. Additionally, three other trains left Brussels (June 26), Charleroi (July 31), and Liège (August 3).

The first group of 250 Jewish laborers—of various nationalities—arrived at the Condette camp, south of Boulogne, on June 13, 1942. A month later, on July 14, a transport reached Calais and Port-Lahon. On July 18, around 200 Jews from Antwerp were brought to Mazures via Revin. Transports continued: 250 men arrived in Calais on August 14, 300 more in Boulogne, and another train reached Dannes-Camiers via Boulogne on August 5.

Initially, all new arrivals were gathered and registered at Dannes before being distributed to surrounding camps. More than 100 prisoners were sent to the Ferques camp during June and July 1942. On August 14, a train bound for Boulogne again passed through Dannes. By late September 1942, 250 of the physically strongest prisoners were sent to the Etaples camp.

Starting in August 1942, the Hermann Dohrmann Company of Mülheim an der Ruhr—specializing in road construction and heavy industry—began preparing payroll records for Jewish laborers from Brussels and Antwerp. Five lists were compiled between August 9 and October 17, 1942. Each list, except the fifth (which had 118 names), contained 120 names and covered two weeks of wages. In September 1942, 250 Belgian Jews were officially assigned to work in Etaples and were registered in the Dannes-Camiers camp system.

The Deportation of Belgian Jews from OT Camps to Auschwitz

Beginning in August and September 1942, mass round-ups (razzias) of Jews were launched across Belgium and northern France. This marked the start of the implementation of the so-called “Final Solution.” Jews who had previously been sent to labor camps under the Organisation Todt (OT) were now also targeted. The first deportation train bound for Auschwitz departed from the transit camp in Malines (Mechelen) on August 4, 1942.

(click here for a full list of the transports from the Dossin barracks).

The Prioritization of Deportation over Military Objectives

The German authorities anticipated the deportation of approximately 20,000 Jews from Belgium and northern France. Although they initially struggled to reach this number, they took drastic measures to meet the target. Jewish forced laborers were removed from OT camps along the coastal regions, even though this disrupted essential military construction projects. Every effort was made to fulfill the deportation quota, even at the expense of delaying fortifications vital to defending the Reich and securing Hitler’s vision of Europe. This irrational decision underscores the brutal logic of the Nazi regime, in which the annihilation of the Jews—the so-called “Final Solution”—took precedence over all other military and strategic goals.

The Deportations from the Northern France OT Camps

Four transports carrying a large number of Jewish forced laborers from the OT camps in Northern France departed from the Dossin barracks in Mechelen (Malines) en route to Auschwitz:

  • Two convoys on October 24, 1942 (the 14th and 15th convoys)
  • Two more on October 31, 1942 (the 16th and 17th convoys)
    (Kalman Lehrer was deported on the 16th convoy.)

During this period, the OT labor camps were almost entirely emptied, effectively fulfilling the Nazis’ objective of deporting 20,000 Jews. However, this mass deportation significantly disrupted construction work on the Atlantic Wall.

The camps were not left entirely deserted. Some Jews of Belgian nationality, particularly those married to Aryan (non-Jewish) women, were temporarily allowed to remain. Additionally, the Germans began bringing in other groups of prisoners to fill the vacant labor roles. Still, the camps would never again reach the peak population of approximately 2,000 Jewish forced laborers, as had been the case in the summer of 1942.

Convoys 15–17: Deportation of Jewish Forced Laborers from OT Camps

The 15th convoy, departing on October 24, 1942, included 238 Jewish forced laborers from the Todt Organization (OT) labor camps in Charleville and La Rochelle in northern France. The 16th convoy, which followed a week later on October 31, carried 752 forced laborers, and the 17th convoy included another 562.

The 17th convoy marked a significant shift in the nature of the deportations. It was the first convoy composed entirely of men, many of whom had been transferred directly from OT labor camps without even passing through the Dossin Barracks in Mechelen (Malines). Upon arrival at Mechelen, these OT laborers remained on standby in the train until additional detainees from the barracks were brought on board to fill the transport.

This convoy also saw the first large-scale escape attempt. While the train was still on Belgian soil, 241 deportees managed to jump from the moving train—an unprecedented event. The timing of this mass escape may be explained by the fact that the previous convoys had included entire families, including women and children. In those earlier cases, the emotional and moral burden of abandoning one’s family likely prevented many from attempting escape. The 17th convoy, by contrast, consisted only of men, many of whom were alone and had nothing left to lose. With no children or wives at their side, the prospect of a dangerous leap toward freedom became more conceivable—and for some, it succeeded.

The Julius Berger Company

As mentioned earlier, the Todt Organization was formed through a combination of state planning departments, private companies, and, before the outbreak of war in 1939, the Reichsarbeitsdienst (Reich Labor Service).

One of the private companies involved was Julius Berger, which later became part of Bilfinger & Berger AG (www.bilfinger.com) (now operating under Bilfinger SE), headquartered in Mannheim, Germany.

The company was originally founded by a Jewish engineer and entrepreneur, Julius (Juda) Berger (born September 22, 1862, in Zempelburg, West Prussia – murdered May 16, 1942, in Theresienstadt). In the 1930s, during the Nazi regime’s Aryanization campaign, Berger was forcibly removed from his own company, which was expropriated and transferred to non-Jewish ownership.

In its early years, Julius Berger’s company focused primarily on railway, road, and bridge construction. It quickly gained a strong reputation with the German government, securing contracts for hundreds of miles of infrastructure. In 1893 alone, Berger constructed 22 stretches of railway across Germany.

Meanwhile, August Grün, co-director of another successful firm, specialized in water-related civil engineering. When Grün’s business partner left in 1892, Paul Bilfinger, a government engineer, took over. By that time, the company already had 250 employees and significant experience and equipment in a variety of construction areas.

From the outset of their partnership, Grün and Bilfinger pursued a wide variety of engineering projects. In 1907, they entered the international arena by constructing a 45-mile stretch of railway in Hungary. That same year, Julius Berger’s company also expanded its operations, undertaking projects such as building a canal in Hamburg, a dam and power station in Blesen, and hydraulic control systems along several German rivers and canals.

In 1909, Julius Berger and Grün & Bilfinger collaborated for the first time on a major undertaking: the widening of the Kiel Canal, a crucial 61-mile waterway connecting the North Sea with the Baltic Sea.

Their international activity began to wane significantly after 1935. With the outbreak of World War II, both companies turned their efforts toward domestic construction—particularly projects initiated by the Nazi government as part of its economic recovery plans. These included the building of the Autobahnen, Germany’s national highway system. Berger and Bilfinger were among the top firms awarded these contracts. Many sections of the Autobahn required long, high bridges with complex engineering solutions, which provided continued challenges for their engineers.

During the war, both Julius Berger and Grün & Bilfinger were involved in the construction of airports and naval installations in support of the German war effort. Like many German firms during this time, they benefited from the militarized economy and were complicit in Nazi infrastructure development.

Following the war, both companies spent the first two postwar years engaged in clearing rubble, repairing bridges and railways, and restoring damaged buildings, roads, and dikes across Germany. These efforts were part of the massive reconstruction efforts in the devastated postwar landscape.

A Note about the Groupe de Recherches “Dannes-Camiers”

To deepen understanding of the fate of Belgian Jews deported to Dannes-Camiers, France, a research group was founded by the children and grandchildren of deportees from Liège and nearby Seraing who were sent to labor camps in Northern France. The Groupe de Recherches “Dannes-Camiers” aims to locate, collect, and disseminate information and documents about this relatively overlooked chapter in the deportation of Belgian Jews.

In the course of their work, the group discovered important documentation in the archives of the Office of War Victims (see https://www.arch.be/index.php?l=en&m=online-resources&r=archives-online&sr=second-world-war#war-damages-files), which was part of Belgium’s Ministry of Social Security. Among the findings were lists of “employees” registered by the Organisation Todt (OT). The group also came across official postwar reports detailing the wages and funds that were systematically stolen from the Jewish laborers.

Although the Belgian Jews deported to the labor camps of Dannes-Camiers were nominally paid wages for their forced labor, these salaries were never received. The group is now committed to uncovering what became of these stolen funds, which were reportedly recovered by the Belgian government after the war.

Kalman Lehrer and the Organisation Todt (OT)

Kalman Lehrer was conscripted into forced labor for the Julius Berger company, one of the private firms contracted by the Organisation Todt (OT). According to records from the Belgian Office of War Victims, Kalman was stationed in Boulogne, France, from July 26, 1942, to October 31, 1942.

© ARA – Brussels. Please do not copy or reproduce without permission

Born on June 20, 1898, Kalman was 44 years old in 1942—an age that would typically have been considered too old for OT labor assignments. His inclusion in forced labor therefore suggests that he may have actively sought or found a way to be included, possibly as a desperate attempt to avoid immediate deportation. Tragically, this temporary reprieve did not spare him: he was eventually sent to Auschwitz via the 16th convoy departing from the Dossin barracks on October 31, 1942, and did not survive.

Overview of Kalman Lehrer’s employment period with the Julius Berger Company (from his file at the Belgian Office of War Victims, file: DOS-DDO d210703)

Kalman Lehrer’s “Salary” and the Fate of the OT Workers’ Funds

Although Kalman Lehrer’s personal file does not specify the exact amount he earned, it is widely known that Organisation Todt (OT) forced laborers received a standard stipend of 10 Belgian francs per day. These wages were not given directly to the workers but instead were transferred to La Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas (today part of BNP Paribas – www.bnpparibas.com).

In early 1943, the Brüsseler Treuhandgesellschaft (BTG) was tasked with identifying and managing the properties and assets of so-called “enemies of the Reich,” including Jews. In a later phase, the BTG centralized, managed, and liquidated these assets. Among its actions was the demand to transfer the unclaimed wages of Jewish OT laborers to an account at the Société Française de Banque et de Dépôts (SFBD). The total sum amounted to 1,349,265 Belgian francs.

After the liberation, the SFBD returned only a portion of the funds to former laborers whose wages had originally been routed through the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas. In 1958, a partial amount of 965,758 Belgian francs was eventually transferred to the Deposit and Consignment Office (Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations) in Belgium.

As for Kalman Lehrer himself, the exact date of his death remains unknown. Official records estimate that he was murdered sometime between October 30, 1942, and June 1, 1945, following his deportation on the 16th convoy to Auschwitz.

Appendix I: Inventory List from the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas

Source: Federal Public Service for Social Security, Directorate-General for War Victims, Belgium

As mentioned in the main text, Jewish forced laborers working under the Organisation Todt (OT) were, in theory, paid a daily stipend. These payments were to be processed via the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas—now part of BNP Paribas. In reality, however, these wages were never disbursed to the workers during the war.

The Belgian Office for War Victims provided me with an inventory list of all the files they hold relating to the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas. While the list is extensive, it is not complete and still contains some gaps.

Nonetheless, I am including it here because:

  • It offers insights into the bureaucratic mechanisms used to appropriate and centralize Jewish labor wages during and after the war.
  • It provides a snapshot of the many private companies that were integrated into the OT structure;
  • It may serve as a valuable research tool for anyone wishing to investigate this aspect of Jewish forced labor in Northern France;
COMPANYFolder NumberFile NumberRemarks
Aachener11
Abwickelungsstelle21
Ackermann31
Ackermann & Stadtfeld41
Adam51
A.E.G.61
Alaers71
Alardin81
Albrecht R.91
Allbaulenz101
Allgeier111
Altenbach121
Angele & Schmid131
Anton141
Antonini151
Antonus161
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Athies171
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Baden181
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Nordwest191
Arbeitsgemienschaft Stuttgart-Nord Eitel201
Aretz211
Arge Landschaftsgärtner221
Arge Lageraufbau231
Arge West241
Armbruster251
Art & Technique261Firma FG Reincke et C° – suhunternehmer “Art et Technique”
Artois271
Ateliers de Construction de la Seine 281
Curt Badhauser et Co 292 B
Baierle Edmund302 B
Balke (Arge Balke-Emmrich)312 B
Bauken322 B
Baresel AG332 B
Barth. C.W.342 B
Basco352 B
A.bastijns et H. Simon362 B
Bauförster372 B
Baum u. Bentgen38 2 B
Baumanns L.392 B
Baustoff und Geratelager402 B
Bautch Beschaffungsamt412 B
Bauwens Peter423 B
A. Becker434 B
Jos Becker444 B
Kurt Becker454 B
Bellinghausen464 B
Bentz474 B
Julius Berger485 en 6
Robert Berger494B
Bergold & Kleber504B
Bergt camp514B
Bermann N524B
Berneburg534B
Bernd & R. Friess53Bis4B
Bessemans544B
G. Benchel554B
Bentepark der Luftwaffe564B
Birkle & Thomer574Bmanque
Bisse & Roelandts584B
Blaivie & Fils594B
Bläser604B
Blees617
Bleymehl627
Blum (Carl G.)637
Herman Bock647
Bödicker657
Bodson667
Boeree & Bakker677
Boersch687
Borreux Al697
Bosman & Knauer707
Bourlez C717
Boval A727
Karl Brandt738
Karl Brandt739
Bratengeier7410
Brecheis Karl7510
Brown-Bowerie7610
Franz Brüggemann7710
Alfred Bührmann7811
Burmeister J.H. Gustav7911
Büscher & Sohn8011
A & O Bussenius8111
Heinrich Butzer8211
Cabooter & D’ Haene8312
Callens8412
Champy84 Bis12
Cheppe & Swille8512
Christoph & Unmack8612
Claus – Van Hulle8712
J.H. Collignon8812
Conrad F88 Bis12
Conradt Hans8912
Constantin Pierre9012
Constructa Moderna9112
Coppens Albert9212
Coppens H9312
Cranz Kurt9412
Daemen Frères9512
Daems Henri9612
Dalheimer Otto9712
Dandois9812
De Baets-Vanden Berghe9913
De Bon10013
Debusschere-Vanden Borre10113
Decheneux L10214
De Cuyper R10314
Defense Aerienne10414
Degembe10514
Degler Franz10614
Derdesheimer10714
Delbanche10814
Dericks Komertz10914
De Ryck11014
Desmet11114
Dessy Oscar11214
Deutsche Asphalttiefbau11314
Deutsche Bau11415
Deutsche Elektrik11515
Deutsche Tiefbaugesellschaft11615
Dienststelle 11715(fardes spéciales)
Franz Dietrich11815
Paul Dietrich11915
Dieu & Allain12015
Dittgen12115
Despy A12215
Dohrmann12315
Dortmunder Bauunion12415
Dubener12515
E. G. Dubois12616
Ducker12716
Duesburger Kies Baggerei12816
Siegfried Dumon12916
Duvi & Rosetzky13016
Albert Durinck13116
Dyckerhoff & Widmann13216
Dziechel-Jansen13316
Divers:Portland Cement13416
Kriegsmarinewerft Brest13416
Technique Compagnie Lille13416
Hansa Bau Union13416
Soldatenheim Loon13416
Abwickelungstelle Bevek S/Mer13416
Dienststelle N° 131113417
Dienststelle N°140213417
Dienststelle N°434813417
Dienststelle N° 504913417
Dienstselle N° 506013417
Dienstselle N° 534313417
Dienststelle N° 629913417
Dienststelle N° 681213417
Dienstselle N° 720113417
Dienststelle N° 939513417
Dienststelle N° 1005213417
Dienststelle N° 1043913417
Dienststelle N° 1058513417
Dienststelle N°1115613417
Dienststelle N° 1221413417
Dienststelle N° 1232513417
Dienststelle N° 1252313417
Dienststelle N° 1388413417
Dienststelle N°1396513417
Dienststelle N° 1625513417
Dienststelle N° 1794313417
Dienststelle N° 1908913417
Dienststelle N° 1948413417
Dienststelle N° 2233313417
Dienststelle N° 2263113417
Dienststelle N° 2602513417
Dienststelle N° 2708913417
Dienststelle N° 2854713417
Dienststelle N° 3004913418
Dienststelle N° 3005113418
Dienststelle N° 3114813418
Dienststelle N° 3171613418
Dienststelle N° 3180913418
Dienststelle N° 3185913418
Dienststelle N° 3188113418
Dienststelle N° 3190813418
Dienststelle N° 3217913418
Dienststelle N° 3268813418
Dienststelle N° 3319913418
Dienststelle N° 3328113419
Dienststelle N° 3391713419
Dienststelle N° 3392813419
Dienststelle N° 3470513419
Dienststelle N° 3537013419
Dienststelle N° 3662013419
Dienststelle N° 3768613419
Dienststelle N° 3838013419
Dienststelle N° 3844013419
Dienststelle N° 3896913419
Dienststelle N° 3961413419
Dienststelle N° 4046913419
Dienststelle N° 4077413419
Dienststelle N° 4912313419
Dienststelle N° 4959513419
Dienststelle N° 5072613419
Dienststelle N° 5082513419
Dienststelle N° 5089313419
Dienststelle N° 5093813419
Dienststelle N° 5127013420
Dienststelle N° 5209213420
Dienststelle N° 5216013420
Dienststelle N° 5227313420
Dienststelle N° 5244313420
Dienststelle N° 5296613420
Dienststelle N° 5307213420
Dienststelle N° 5410013420
Dienststelle N° 5422213420
Dienststelle N° 5436513420
Dienststelle N° 5447113420
Dienststelle N° 5466013420
Dienststelle N° 5467813420
Dienststelle N° 5511613420
Dienststelle N° 5555513420
Dienststelle N° 5559013420
Egenter F13521
Eggers13621
Ehland Paul13721
Eiermann Rudi13821
Eigen13921
Eisenrieth14021
Ensatzgruppe West14121
Elbau14221
Erbes Bau142 Bis21
Elektro Bar14322
Theo Elsche14422
Ensle Paul14522
Emmerich John14622
Engel Emiel14722
Ensle – Ostertag14822
Entreprises Générales Dalcq14922
Entreprises Générales de Batiment et Construction15022
Entreprises Industrielles & de Travaux Publics15122
Entreprise Louzier15222
Entreprise Vande Walle15322
Epple Karl15422
Erbes Bau15522
Gebr. Erdmann15622
J. Erkes15722
Fackler A15822
Fandel Theodor15922
Farben Industrie (Henin Lictard)16022
Felger Aumann16122
Festungskolonne 2716222
Ficheroulle et Lambiotte16322
Fichter Aug16422
Fillibeek16522
A. Finck16622
B. Fischer16723
Flame16823
S. Flockerzi16923
Florack Heinrich17023
Flossdorf A17123
Forster Fritz17223
Fournelle & Zumbruch17323
France Quest17423
Francke Werke17523
François René17623
H. Fredrich17723
Friedrichsmeier17823
Frommer Gustave17923
Früh Max18023
W. Fuchs18123
Fürst Max18223
Füsgen Fr.18323
O. Gallopijn18424
Nik Garçon18524
A. Garie & Sohn18624
Fr. Gassen18724
Gastmann18824
Gebigke & Blaivie18924
Gehzt Standt19024
Gerselhart & Schottle19124
Gerre Elektrobau19224
Gerdum u Breuer19324
Gevaert G.19424
Geyer L.19524
Gielis & Wijngaert19624
Gleisbauzug Knope19724
Gluiraufbau A. G.19824
W. Gotzky19924
Grafen & Servin20024
Grands Travaux Modernes20124
A. Grassmann20224
R. Grasdorf20324
Gres & Gheza20424
Karl Gross & Sohn20524
Gross Max20624
Groth & C°20724
Gruss & Belfinger20824
Grusser Christhoph20924
Grusser-Gossen21024
Guggenberger R21124
Guidi21224
L. Guns21324
H. Haars & Gruneberg21425
Habermann & Guekes21525
Hachez21625
Hachez Isselstein 21725
Hageman Dykmann21825
Hagemann & C°21925
H. Hagen22025
H. Hanauer22125
Hanbuch & Sohne22225
Hannebeek Baug22325
Hannoffel Joh.22425
Hausa Bau Union22525
Harder22625
Hardt Ludwig22725
Harn & Nayer22825
Hauck Matihaus22925
Hausler O.23025
Hebel23126
Hegerfeld23226
Heilingbrünner L23326
Heilmann & Littmann23426
Heine Herbert23526
Heinemann & Bune23626
Held & Lamki23726
Heffmann23826
Hellenthal & Sohn23926
Heller Fr.24027
Helm24127
Helmsted24227
Hemmino & Witte24327
Hennes24427
Hermanns Gebr24527
Hermant Maurice24627
Hermecke24727
Hesscge Arbeitsgem24827
Heuer KG24927
Hildebrand Conrad25027
Hillesheim25127
Hilfertging Jean25227
Hochtief25327
O. Hocke & C°25427
Hortz & C°25527
O. Hoffmann25627
Holzmann260 Bis28
Hoffritz 25729
K. Hofmann25829
Hofmann Lohium25929
Hollinoer26029
Homme Paul26129
Horsch Claus & Sohn26229
Hoss26329
Huber F26429
Hubert & Rauwald26529
Huberts J.B26629
Huguet Ins Fourre26729
Hulster Léon26829
Hulskens C°26929
Hundgen & Sohn27029
Huta27129
Ibau-industrie Bau27230
Industra27330
Instrass27430
Iserluhn27530
Iven H27630
Jansen27730
Janssen27830
Jitax27930
Jobst & Milch279 Bis30
Jochimski28030
Joly H28130
Jonen H28230
Jordan Max28330
Jucho28430
A. Jung28530
Jungzen28630
Kahlke28731
Kallenbach28831
Karle Ernst28931
Kauffer & C°29031
Kehl & C°29131
Keller J29231
Keller Nelly29331
Kengelbach29431
keuber W29531
Kirsch L29631
Kirschenhofer29731
Klaber Max29831
Knauth Art30031
Kniffler30031
Knop W30232
Knyff30332
Koch & C°30432
Koch & Neyer30532
Koernig30632
Kohl Erwin30732
Kohnn A30832
Korte & Vogel30932
Koster & Adolphs31032
Kowahl & Bruns31132
Krauz Kurt31232
Krautscheid31332
A. Kremers31432
Kriegslazarett St. André31532
Kriegsmarine Arsinal315 Bis32
Kriegslazarett Calmette31632
Krockel K.31732
Kromm W31832
Krombus F. N.31932
C. Kroth & Sohn32032
F. Kriball32132
Kriebler K32232
Kuhlmer H32432
Kunster & Sohn32533
Kunster & Zimmermann32633
Kurz und Muller32733
Kutsch Steffens32833
Neant32933
Labay & Driehesne33034
Lachaise33134
Laer Bern33234
Lamberte B33334
Lamers Hans33434
Lammertyn33534
Landauer33634
Langlois A33734
Latseka W33834
Leoris A33934
Leuhard H34034
Leuk. Meisel34134
Leuz & C°34234
Leuzen A34334
Levaux Ant & fils34435
Leydens W34535
Lieser34635
Limourin34735
G. Limper34835
Lindemann34935
Lingermann Karl35035
Linnartzund Sohwarz35135
Litrvin Chuh & Bank35235
Livernet352 Bis35
Lohrum35335
Loth & Bopp35435
E. Ludwig35535
Ludwig – Rottland35635
Lung Alois35735
Luftwaffe Beutepark35835
Luypaert Van Simpsen35935
Macher Ludwig36036
Maffenanti36136
Maler Arbeitsgemeinschaft36236
Malmendier Jos36336
Manfredini M36436
Marahrens36536
Marine Haffen36636
Markgraf und Heger36736
Markische Bauges36836
Marx Gebr36936
Matrowitz & C°37036
Matzdorff W37137
Mattern Stand Heller37237
Maue Otto37337
May37437
Mayer Aug37537
G. Meister37637
Mell Gebr37738
Merkle37838
Mertens L37938
Metzdorf H38038
Metzinger H38138
Meyer Fritz38238
Michiels38338
Michiels-Collignon38438
Micka38538
Mickelheit Gebr38638
Milch. Mart38738
Néant38838
Mobelfabrik38938
Mobers Gebr39038
Mogendorf Segner39138
Mohr Hans39238
Molders & C°39338
Moll K39438
Moll L39538
Moller E39638
Moller & Schott39739
Monuzzi & Roelants39839
Muhlenbruch39939
Mulheimer Strassebbau40039
Muller & C°40139
A. Muller40239
Fr. Muller40339
J. Muller40439
Max Muller40539Manque
Mussgang & C°40639
Nachbarschulte40740
National40840
Jacob Neumayer 40940Manque
E. Niclas41040
Niemax Gebr41140
Nill W41240
Noll Jakob41340
Novak & Schwarz41440
N.S.K.K. Transf41540
Nuyts H41640
O.B.L. Audingren41741
O.B.L. Cherbourg41842
O.B.L. Marseille41942
O.B.L. Mette42042
O.B.L. Nord42142
O.B.L. Normandie42242
O.B.L. Nord West42342
O.B.L. Paula42442
O.B.L. Rouen42542
O.B.L. Sud42642
Oderthal Jakob42743
C. Oelting42843
Oevermann G42943
Ohlig43043
Olbrecht G43143
Olm G43243
Oltsch & C°43343
Opel Beuchel43443
Osselaere Alph43543
Ostbau43643
Osthoff W43743
Ostland43843
O.T. Divers43943
Ott. Bau44043
Ouest Travaux Publics44143
Ovander G44243
Pampers44344
Pantz E44444
Pape Aug44544
Pastore44644
Pauwels44744
Pauwels & Smits 447 Bis44(farde à part)
A. Penasse44844
Perino frères44944
Perthil Robert45044
Pfalz45144
Philippi45244
Piessen V45344
Piette A45444
Pilot – De Puydt45544
G. Pinnow45644
Plotner45744
Jakob Pohl45844
Polenski & Zollner45944
Postiaux Gaston46044
Ponghon Charles46144
Pracht Hans46244
Primus46344
Provost 46444(farde à part)
Rabits46545
Raebel Wecke46645
Ramant & C°46745
Ranker Atois46845
Rathjens 46945
Rausch & Balensiefen47045
Rauwald47145
Rech47245
Reh & C°²47345
Regensburg47445
L. Reinartzund Sohn47545
Reincke47646
Rempke47746
H. Rennert47846(manque)
Resthaven Ge.47946
H. Reuss48046
Rheinbay48146
Rheinpfaz48246
Riedel48346
Riede48446
Ries48546
Ritter Massong C°48647
Rittmann48747
Roeder J48847
Max Roelants48947
Fr. Rodiek49047
Cl. Rohuer49147
Rom J.P.49247
N. Rörig49347
J. Roth49447
J. Rothfuss49547
Rottger49647
Rottland & Lindeman 49747
Rucker49847
Sachsinger49948
Saeger & Woerner50048
Samson 50148
Sauercin & Schaefer50248
S.B.U.50348
Scandolo50448
Schäfer50548
Schartmann50648
Scheidt50748
Scherer50848
Schlichthoon50948
Schmitz & Sohn51048
Schmarsel51148
H. Schmetz51248
Schmitt R51348
Schmitz E51448
Schmitz Erpenbach51548
Schmitz H.51648
Schmucker51748
Schneider Johann51849
Schneider (Juifs)518 Bis49manque
Schneider & Klippel51949
Schneiders & Schumacker52049
G. Schnellen520 Bis49(farde à part) farde 49 Bis
G. Scholzen 52149
Schomburg52249
Schommer52349
Eg. Schott52449
Schroder Otto52549
Schroders52649
H. Schroeder52749
Schubert52849
Schuffelhauer52949
Schulte ter Hardt53049
Schuppart53149manque
Schijnler53249
Schutterlé M53349
Schnutzer BB53449
L. Seemann53549
J. Ph Sehn53649
Selbach 53749
Siemens Bau Union53849
Simon Arthur53950
H. Smits539 Bis50(farde à part 50 Bis)
Sobeco54050
Sobetta54150
Herbert Soche54250
O. Soetaert54350
Sofsky54450
Sotrabe54550
Sparenberg54650
Spereher54750
Spiller K54850
Spinhoff-Campo54950
Spieker55050
Stark55151
Stehmeyer & Bischoft55251
Stein E55351
Steindl55451
Stichel55551
Stichtmann55651
Stilgenbauer und Faber55751
Stock Carl55852
Stöcker55952
Stohr Karl56052
Stolze56152
Strabag56252
Strassen Ingeniersbau56352
Strauch W56452
Streubel56552
Struck56652
Sturm56752
Stutzenberger56852
Sudbau56952
Technique C°57053
Technische Gruppe57153
Terrastraba57253
Terbrak57353
Tesch G57453
Deutsche Theater57553
Deutsche Tehater Lille57653
Tiele57753
Thomas Emiel57853
N. Tilger57953
W. Topel58053
Trama58153
Uamann58253
Unico58354
Vaesset58454manque
Valente58554
Van Belle58654
Van Craenenbroeck58754
Vanderstappen58854
Van der Veeken58954
Van der Vurst59054
Van de Velde59154
Van de Vloet59254
Vanderwalle59354
Vanmeen59454
Van Dooren G.59554
Van Doorne59654(farde à part) 54 Bis
Van Droot59754
Van Elewijk59854
Van Elven59954
Van Geit60054
Van Kempen60154
Vanniesbecq60254
Van Schoor60354
Van Steelant60455
Van Uden & C°60555
Van Regenmortel60655
Van Wiënen & Cie60755
Van Wijnsberghe60855(farde à part 55 bis)
Vattez H60955
Verhaeghe – De Craemer61055
Vereecken Jos61155
Verhaege – De Craemer61255
Vigafrau-firma61355manque
Viot61455manque
Völkel & Heidingsfelder61555
Völker Wilhelm61655
Voller61755
Volz61855
Von der Heydt61955manque
Von der Wettern62055
Vomel62155
Van Wronski62255
Wadle & C62356
Wagner Jean62456
Wagner Richard62556
Walter Karl62656
Wassermann Friedrich62756
Waysse & Freytag62856
Weisez62956
Wendel G63056
Wemez M63156
Werner Franz & C°63256
Werner Krause63356
Werkstattzug63457
Westbau63557
Westdeutsche Steinindustrie63657
Westdeutsche Wegenbauges63757
Wetterholm R63857
Wichmann63957
Wickert Aug64058
Wicaker Wilhelm64158
Wiemeer & Trachto64258
Wieland H64358
Wiesbaden64458
Wiesdorfer Bauwerstatten64558
Willemen64658
Windschild & Langelott64758
Wirtz H64858
Witt J64958
Woets65058
Wolf Fritz65159
Wolfer & Goebel65259
Wolff Friedrich65359
Wolff A. Müller65459
Wolfsholz65559
Wynants P. A.65659
Zapp65760
Zeglink65860
Zettelmeyer65960
Zervos66060
Zimmerman G66160
Zimmermann Adolf66260
Zimmermann Wilhelm66360
Zinzen P66460
Zublin66560

Appendix II: Sources Used in This Article

This article is based on a range of archival documents, scholarly publications, and verified online resources. Below is a list of the key sources consulted during the research and writing process:

Discover more from Gershon-Lehrer.be

Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.

Comments

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

More posts